文革时期常用词汇的英译

蒋割荆

J（2）

阶级报复: class reprisal (retaliation)/class vengeance
阶级本性: class nature
阶级仇，民族恨: class hatred and national feeling against
阶级分析（详见J（3））: class analysis
阶级斗争观念: sense (concept) of class struggle
“阶级斗争熄火论”: the theory of "the dying out of class struggle"
阶级斗争新动向: the new trends of class struggle
阶级斗争，一抓就灵: Grasp class struggle and all problems can be solved.
阶级感情: class feeling
阶级苦: sufferings of the oppressed and exploited classes
阶级路线: class line
阶级异已分子: alien class element
阶级友爱: class solidarity
阶级斗争学说: the theory of class struggle
阶级斗争，生产斗争，科学实验三大革命运动: the three great revolutionary movements of class struggle, the struggle for production and scientific experiment
阶级觉悟: class-conscious
街道食堂: neighborhood dining-room
揭盖子: take the lid off
揭开阶级斗争盖子: lift the lid off the class struggle
揭开内幕: reveal the inside story of/get to the bottom
揭露: disclose/expose/unmask/bring to light
揭露无遗: be told the plain truth about
接班人: successors to the revolutionary cause
接近工农兵: get close to the workers, peasants and soldiers
结案: wind up the case
结党营私: set up cliques for one's own selfish interests
结合: combine...with/integrate...with
竭尽造谣诬蔑之能事: do the utmost to spread lies and slander...
竭力反对: oppose strongly
竭力鼓吹: drum with all one's might for
竭力毁谤: do one's utmost to slander
竭力宣传: assiduously spread an idea of
捷报频传: Triumphant news keeps pouring in.
节节胜利: win (gain) victory after victory/push forward from victory to victory
解除思想顾虑: free one's mind of all misgivings
解放思想: emancipate the mind
解铃仍须系铃人: To untie the bell, the person who tied it is required.
解剖麻雀: "dissect one or several sparrows"
介绍信: letter of introduction
戒骄戒躁: be on guard against conceit and haste
借刀杀人: borrow a knife to kill others/kill... by another's hand
借古讽今: use ancient things to satirize the present
借尸还魂: use corpses to resurrect the evil souls/resurrect in a new guise
借题发挥: play on the theme of/seize on some pretext or other
洁身自好: preserve one's purity
今昔对比: contrast past suffering with present happiness
津津乐道: indulge in elaborating on/delight in talking about
紧握手中枪: hold fast to one's gun/hold one's gun tightly
锦标主义: be prize-mad/notion of everything for the medal
进行到底: carry... through to the end
进行群众路线的教育: carry out ideological education on the mass line
“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”: Near vermillion, one gets stained pink; near ink, one gets stained black./One takes the color of one's company.
惊心动魄: soul-stirring/breath-taking
经不起考验: fail to pass the test
经典著作: classical works
经风雨，见世面: face the world and brave the storm
经得起风浪的考验: able to stand all tests of storm and stress
经不起糖衣炮弹的攻击: cannot withstand sugar-coated bullets
经济渗透: economic penetration
经久不息的掌声: prolonged applause
经历了一次又一次的大风浪，绕过了一个一个的又暗礁，战胜了一个又一个凶恶的敌人: have gone through one great storm after another, bypassed one submerged rock after another and conquered one ferocious enemy after another
兢兢业业，克已奉公，忠心耿耿，保持晚节: be conscientious and earnest, work selflessly for the public interest, keep loyal and uphold revolutionary integrity as one grows older
兢兢业业，踏踏实实: work in a careful and thoroughgoing manner
精兵简政: better troops and simpler administration
精简机构: simplify the administrative structure
精神变物质: The spirit is transformed into a material force.
精神财富: spiritual wealth
精神贵族: intellectual aristocrat
精神枷锁: spiritual shackles/mental fetter
精神空虚: be barren and exhausted spiritually
精神面貌: mental outlook
精神生活: cultural life
精神粮食: mental food
精神原子弹: spiritual (moral) atom bomb
精神振奋，斗志昂扬，意气风发: proud in spirit, strong in morale, firm in determination
精神上解除武装: disarmed oneself morally
精心策划: careful arrangements
精心炮制: be carefully dished up
警卫团: guards regiment
井水不犯河水: The well water does not interfere with the river water.
敬酒不吃吃罚酒: rather do things under compulsion than of one's own accord
静止地孤立地: statically and in isolation
纠正偏差: correct deviations
揪出来: be ferreted out
揪住辫子不放: take hold of one's mistakes and shortcomings
揪住不放: tie up in knots/be held in a tight grip
久经考验: long-tested/steeled
旧的社会习惯势力: old social force of habit
旧社会把人逼成鬼，新社会把鬼变成人: The old life forced men to turn into ghosts, but the new life changes ghosts back into men.
旧思想、旧文化、旧风俗、旧习惯（即“四旧”）: old ideas, old culture, old customs and old habits
从旧学校培养的学生: the students trained in the old schools and colleges
旧知识分子: intellectuals of the old type
咎由自取: One will only have oneself to blame.
救命稻草: a life-saving straw
救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义: Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice revolutionary humanitarianism.
就地监督改造: on-the-spot control and remold
就地闹革命: carry out revolution in one's own locality
就地枪决: summary execution
鞠躬尽瘁: devote oneself entirely to/bend one's body and exhaust his energy
居安思危: think of danger in time of peace
居心何在: What is your motive?
居心叵测: insidious/with ulterior motive
局部服从全体: The part is subordinate to the whole.
局部利益服从整体利益，眼前利益服从长远利益: submit local interests to over-all interests and immediate interests to long-term interests
举国上下，一片欢腾: The whole nation has been in jubilation.
拒不交代: refuse to give an accounting
卷土重来: stage a comeback
决定战争胜负的根本因素是人不是物: People and not things are fundamental factor determining the outcome of war.
绝不会有好下场: be bound to end up badly
绝不甘心: never reconcile oneself to
绝妙的反面教材: excellent material for learning by negative example
军代表: army representative
军民一致，军政一致，官兵一致，全军一致: with army and people united, army and government united, officers and soldiers united, and the whole army united
军事管制委员会: the military control commission
军民关系: the relations between the army and the people