文革时期常用词汇的英译

蒋割荆

S（2）

上串下跳: run clandestine errands up and down the line
上大当，吃大亏: be badly fooled and suffer severely
上刀山，入火海: climb a mountain of swords or plunge into a sea of flames
《上海公报》（《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国联合公报》）: Shanghai Communiqué (Joint Communiqué of the People's Republic of China and the United States of America 1972)
上纲上线: raise it to the level of principle and political line
“上穷碧落下黄泉，两处茫茫皆不见”: （编者译）"Searching up to the heavens and down to the netherworld, where can I find her?"
上山下乡: go to the mountainous areas and the countryside
上台: climb to power/take power/rise (come) power/ascend to power
上无片瓦，下无寸地: have neither a tile over one's heads nor s speck of land under one's feet
少而精: fewer and better/less but better/condensed and concentrated
少、慢、差、费: get few, slow, poor and expensive results
少数服从多数，下级服从上级，局部服人全体，全党服从中央: The minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership to the Central Committee.
少走弯路: avoid detours
舍车马、保将帅: sacrifice the knights in order to save the queen
“舍得一身剐，敢把皇帝拉下马”: "Whoever is not afraid of death by a thousand cuts dares to unhorse the emperor."
社会发展规律: law of social development
（人们的）社会存在决定人们的意识: The social being of men determines their consciousness.
社会风气: social convention/prevail in society
社会关系: social connections
社会渣滓: dregs of society
“社会主义大家庭论”: the theory of "socialist community"
社会主义教育运动: the socialist education movement
社来社去: recruit students from the people's communes on the understanding that upon graduation they will go back to work where they come from
社员大会: general meeting of people's commune members
身败名裂: lose all standing and reputation
身教胜于言教: Example (practice) is better than precept.
身经百战: experienced many battles/battle-tested
深仇大恨: with immense hatred/bitter and deep-seated hatred
深厚感情: deep feeling for
深恶痛绝: implacable hatred
深入人心: win support among the people/found its way ever deeper into the hearts of the people
深入工农兵群众: go into the very midst of the workers, peasants and soldiers
深入基层: go to the units at the basic level
深入实际斗争: go into the thick of practical struggles
神采奕奕，容光焕发: in high spirits
神乎其神: miraculous
神圣不可侵犯: be scared and inviolable
什么坏事都干得出来: be capable of doing anything, no matter how foul it is
什么阶级说什么话: People always speak according to their class.
什么人间奇迹都可以创造出来: Miracles can be performed.
什么籐结什么瓜，什么阶级说什么话: Each particular plant yields its own particular fruit; each class speaks in its own terms.
甚嚣尘上: make a lot of noise/a great of clamor has arisen
审查: undergo examination/review
审干: examine the personal record of cadres/examination of cadres' histories
渗透: infiltrate
升官发财: win promotion and get rich
生搬硬套: apply mechanically
生产建设兵团: the Production and Construction Corps of the PLA
生产突击队: frontline production brigade
生的伟大，死的光荣: A great life! A glorious death!
生活津贴: subsistence allowance
生活空虚: lead empty lives
生活作风问题: style of living
生活特殊化: live at a far higher standard than ordinary people
生活小事: petty everyday matters
生活作风方面的一般性错误: run-of-the-mill mistakes in day-to-day life
生米已成熟饭: It is no use crying over spilt milk.
声名狼藉: discredited/bad reputation/notorious
声势浩大，波澜壮阔: gigantic and vigorous
声讨大会: denunciation mass meeting
胜败乃兵家常事: Defeats or victories are ordinary things to a general.
胜不骄，败不馁: not be dizzy with success, nor be discouraged by failure
胜利冲昏头脑: get dizzy with success
盛气凌人，不可一世: throw one's weight about, become overbearing
失败是成功之母: Failure is the mother of success.
失道寡助: Being unjust, is lacked popular support.
时代潮流: trend of the times
时代最强音: the most powerful music of our time
“时代精神汇合论”: "the merging of various trends as the spirit of the age"
识大体，顾大局: keep the whole situation in mind
识时务者为俊杰: Whoever understands the times is wise./Whosoever understands the signs of the times is a great man.
十恶不赦: guilty beyond forgiveness
十个指头中一个指头的问题: a question of one finger among ten
《十六条》—《中国共产党中央委员会关于无产阶级文化大革命的决定》: Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (i.e., the 16-Point Decision)
十月革命一声炮响: the salvos of the October Revolution
十月怀胎，一朝分娩: ten months of pregnancy, the day of birth
拾人牙慧: take up and adopt others' thoughts instead of using one's own/offer another's ideas as one's own
实践、认识、再实践、再认识: practice, knowledge, again practice, and again knowledge
实事求是: seek truth from facts
实用主义: pragmatism
使用种种卑鄙恶毒的手段: resort to all sorts of vile and vicious tricks
使用干部: make proper use cadres
史无前例: unprecedented
世界观: world outlook
世界上有些大的东西，其实并不可怕: There are big things in the world which are actually not to be feared.
世上无难事，只怕有心人: Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世外桃源: a place as haven
拭目以待: watchful/wait and see
试金石: touchstone
势不两立: irreconcilable
势如破竹，所向披靡: brave dauntlessly all difficulties and be ever victorious
市场繁荣，物价稳定: The market is brisk and commodity prices are stable.
市侩哲学: philistine philosophy
视而不见听而不闻: see and hear it without taking any notice
视死如归: look death calmly in the face/face death with equanimity
视作洪水猛兽: seem as dangerous as floods and wild beasts
事出有因，查无实据: There is good cause for that, but no evidence is found.
事后诸葛亮: be wise after the event
事物都是一分为二的: Everything tends to divide into two.
事物总是在一定条件下向它的对立面转化的: Everything tends to change into its opposite in particular conditions.
事务主义者: routine plodder
事前请示，事后报告: Instructions should be procured beforehand and a report made afterwards.
事业单位: public undertakings
是可忍，孰不可忍？: If this can be tolerated, what cannot?
誓师大会: a rally of pledge/oath-taking rally
誓死保卫: defy death to defend
誓死捍卫: vow to defend with one's life
适得其反: on the contrary