文革时期常用词汇的英译

蒋割荆

Z（1）

砸个稀巴烂: smash to smithereens
“杂家”: miscellaneous scholar
灾难深重: miserable/disaster-ridden/bitterest suffering
“宰相肚里好撑船”: "The stomach of a prime minister is large enough to scull a boat."/broad-minded
载入史册的光辉的一页: a bright page in the chronicles
再接再厉: make sustained and redoubled efforts/advance from strength to strength
在不太长的时期内: in not so long a period of time
在党的总路线光辉的照耀下: be guided by the beacon light of the Party's general line
在风霜中巍然屹立的劲松: stand firm as a proud pine in the wind and frost
在斗争中学，在斗争中用: study and apply in the course of struggle
在行: be skilled in
在灵魂深处闹革命: make revolution in the depths of the soul
在马克思主义的基础上达到团结的目的: reach the goal of unity on the basis of Marxism-Leninism
在事实面前碰得头破血流: run one's head against the brick wall of really
在民主基础上的集中，在集中指导下的民主: centralized on the basis of democracy and democratic under centralized guidance
在劫难逃: It is fate, and cannot be avoided./There is no escape from fate.
在无产阶级专政下继续革命的理论: the theory of continuing the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat
在用字上狠下功夫: put the greatest stress on the application/make great efforts in applying what one studies
在运动中歼灭敌人: wipe out the enemy when he is on the move
在职干部: cadres at their posts/cadres at work
早请示，晚汇报: （编者译）ask instructions from Chairman Mao in the morning and report to Chairman Mao in the evening
早有精神准备: be mentally prepared well in advance
造反不分先后: Early or late, all who rebel merit equal treatment.
造反到底: rebel to victory
造反精神: rebel spirit
造反派: rebel faction
造反有理: Rebellion is reasonable.
造就: to train/bring up
造“私”字的反: rebel against "self-interest"
造谣生事: cause trouble by spreading rumors
“责任田”: "responsibility plots"
责无旁贷: an inescapable duty
贼喊捉贼: thief crying for the thief
贼心不死: do not give up its gangster designs
扎扎实实: in a down-to-earth way/in a well-grounded way
（把根子）扎正: lay a sound and solid foundation
渣滓: the refuse of humanity/debris of history/dregs of society
诈骗犯: swindlers
摘帽子: remove designation of.../remove the label of
摘下伪善的面具: drop one's mask of hypocrisy
债台高筑: run heavily into debt/deep in debt
沾光: get an advantage
沾染: be imbued with/be infected with
斩草除根: Destroy evil, leaving no chance of its revival./pull up weeds by the root
斩断魔爪: cut the claws of
斩头去尾: quoted in broken sentences/quote... out of context
（既是）战斗队，又是工作队，也是生产队: It is at the same time a fighting force, a political work force and production corps.
战斗豪情: militant pride
战歌: battle-march
战略上藐视敌人，战术上重视困难: despise the enemy strategically and take full account of him tactically
战无不胜: invincible/ever-victorious/all-conquering
战争升级: war escalation
“战争熄灭论”: the theory of "dying out of wars"
站不住脚: unable to stand one's ground/cannot stand up
站出来革命: step forward courageously to make revolution
站错队: stand on the wrong side/take the wrong stand
站得高，看得远: stand on eminence and become far-sighted
站稳脚跟: take a firm stand/get a firm foothold
站在一旁说风凉话: make irresponsible and carping comments from the side-lines
站稳阶级立场: take (maintain) a firm class stand
张牙舞爪: bare one's fangs and open one's claws
长无产阶级志气，灭资产阶级威风: height the proletariat's will to fight and crush the bourgeois arrogance
掌权: retention of power/be in power
掌握斗争的大方向: hold fast to the main orientation of the struggle
掌握第一手材料: possess first-hand material
掌握动向: pay attention to the trends
掌握分寸: handle appropriately
（理论一旦）掌握了群众: once theory grips the masses
掌握事物的本质: grasp the essence
掌握重点，照顾其他: give priority to the most important aspects and due consideration to the rest
召之即来，来之能战，战之能胜: Be ready to assemble at the first call and be capable of fighting and winning
招兵买马: hire men and buy horses/enlist followers
招魂: resurrect/revive the soul of
招架不住: unable to hold one's own
招生考试制度: entrance examination system of enrolling students
招降纳叛，结党营私: recruit (enlist) deserters and renegades, and form cliques to serve one's own selfish interests
招摇过市: swagger through the streets
招摇撞骗: try every trick to mislead the public
昭然若揭: everything above board
朝不保夕: living from hand to mouth/live in constant fear for one's livelihood
朝令夕改: issue an order in the morning and rescind it in the evening/frequent changes in policies
朝气蓬勃: full of vitality
朝三暮四: play fast and loose/shift and veer
找出根源: go to the root of
找借口: seek pretext
照本宣科: repeat what the books say
照顾全局: consider the situation as a whole
照葫芦画瓢: copy blindly
照妖镜: a mirror to show up monsters
遮羞布: mask/fig-leaf
折中（衷）主义: eclecticism
这也不行，那也不行: no good at this and no good at that