译林絮谈
有关“兔子”的英文成语
“守株待兔”这句成语,林语堂的《当代汉英词典》未录,赖恬昌的《成语选译》一书中则译作“To remain by a tree-stump waiting for more hares”,注明出自韩非子的《五蠹》。并用英文作此解释:“Waiting for chances that will never repeat themselves.”另外还举出一句意义类似的英文成语“He that waits for chance is never sure of his dinner”。
英语是没有和“守株待兔”完全相同的谚语的,但英语的“Hare”(兎)字,有些什么成语呢?翻了一下厦门大学外文系编译的《英语成语词典》,发觉有好几条。
第一条是:“Cook a hare before catching him.”词典解释为:“没抓到兔子就想煮;拿得太稳,乐观过早。”
第二条是:“First catch your hare (then cook him).”解释为:“先得兎而后烹之;到手才算数。”
第三条是:“Hares may pull dead lions by the beard.”解释为:“兔儿可捋死狮之须”,相当于中文成语“虎落平阳被犬欺”。
第四条是:“If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.”解释为:“同时追两兎必无所获;脚踏两头船,必定落空。”
第五条是:“Run with the hare and hunt with the hounds.”解释为:“两面讨好,耍两面手法。”词典并举英国作家高尔斯华绥写的句子为例:“But if you want a divorce it's not very wise to go seeing her, is it? One can't run with the hare and hunt with the hounds.”中译是:“你既是想离婚,又去看她,那未免太傻吧?一个人总不能两全其美的。”
第六条是:“Start a hare”,解释为:“话离本题。”假如有人见到这几个字,又不动手去查查字典,就直译作“开动一兎”,此亦“守株待兔”之流,懒动,懒人也。
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